Identifying factors influencing acceptance of artificial intelligence among general practitioners in Danish general practice: a cross-sectional web-based survey study

BACKGROUND: Despite rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI), its adoption in Danish general practice remains limited and decentralized, relying on individual general practitioners' (GPs') decisions. This study aimed to evaluate Danish GPs' acceptance of AI and the importance of factors derived from established technology-acceptance models. METHODS: A cross-sectional web survey was conducted from mid-September 2024 to March 2025, using a culturally adapted version of a previously validated tool. The survey included 42 items: nine background items and 33 items covering 11 factors, including Medical and Non-Medical Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence (Medical and Patient), Facilitating Conditions, Perceived Trust, Anxiety, Professional Identity, Innovativeness and Behavioral Intention. Descriptive statistics, subgroup comparisons and Cronbach's alpha were provided. RESULTS: = 92) completing the survey. Attitudes toward AI were generally neutral to positive, with mean scores above neutral in seven of the 11 factors. The most positive factors measured were Medical and Non-Medical Performance Expectancy. Scores related to Behavioral Intention were also high. Lower scores appeared in Perceived Trust, Facilitating Conditions and Anxiety. Older GPs (60 years and above) reported lower scores on Non-Medical Performance Expectancy and Social Influence (Medical); GPs in smaller cities showed more positive attitudes across several factors. Cronbach's alpha indicated good internal consistency on all but two scales. CONCLUSION: In summary, Danish GPs demonstrate a strong intention to adopt AI. However, issues persist as significant barriers regarding Anxiety, Perceived Trust and Facilitating Conditions. Implementation strategies considering context and clinician demographics are recommended.