Recent Advances in Green and Intelligent Electrochemical Sensing System for Environmental Monitoring

ABSTRACT Long‐term, high‐precision, and continuous environmental monitoring is crucial for the regulation of environmental dynamics. However, traditional monitoring station‐based methods remain constrained by limited spatial coverage, high maintenance costs, high power supply dependence, and data processing delays. To address these challenges, green and intelligent electrochemistry sensing systems as a sustainable monitoring strategy have gained increasing attention. Enabled by breakthroughs in sensor design, energy‐harvesting materials, artificial intelligence (AI) computational capabilities, and energy‐efficient data transmission, the integration of these technologies into unified sensing systems has become a leading trend in environmental monitoring. In this review, the concept of green and intelligent electrochemical sensing systems draws upon self‐sufficient energy supply, sensing materials, and AI‐driven design. This review provides a systematic overview of recent advances in green and intelligent electrochemical sensing systems, covering the following aspects: (i) self‐powering strategies and energy management; (ii) electrochemical (bio)sensors and biodegradable sensing materials; (iii) low‐power transmission technologies and data processing frameworks. System‐level integration strategies and representative application scenarios for physicochemical properties (such as humidity, moisture, salinity), pollutants (such as gases, heavy metal ions), and emerging contaminants in atmospheric, aquatic, and soil environmental monitoring are further discussed. This review systematically summarizes design principles and outlines future directions, aiming to guide the development of next‐generation green, intelligent and sustainable electrochemical sensing systems for environmental monitoring.