Meningovascular Neuroborreliosis: A Swiss Mini Case-Series and Narrative Literature Review

Background: Neurotropism of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato – the spirochete causing lyme neuroborreliosis – is well known. Its meningovascular presentation, however, remains less widely recognized. Albeit a rarity, meningovascular neuroborreliosis often presents relatively homogeneously with characteristic clinical, laboratory and imaging findings. Case presentation and literature review: We here describe the striking clinical, laboratory and imaging similarities in two cases of cerebral ischemic stroke due to meningovascular neuroborreliosis in Switzerland and provide a chronological overview of the literature from early case-reports to multicenter studies of this rare disease. Conclusion: The meningovascular form of Lyme neuroborreliosis has become a recognized cause of stroke and other cerebrovascular events. Given its treatability, timely recognition is warranted to ensure a favorable prognosis.