Enhancing the Efficiency of Blockchain Verification Through Resource-Weighted Node Selection

Blockchain technology has emerged as a foundational paradigm for building decentralized, transparent, and secure systems, particularly in environments that operate without centralized authority. At the core of these systems are consensus mechanisms that ensure transaction validity and maintain trust among distributed participants. However, the efficiency of a blockchain network is strongly influenced by how verifier (or validator) nodes are selected, particularly in sharded architectures where transaction processing is distributed across multiple shards. A critical challenge in blockchain design is selecting appropriate nodes for transaction verification in a manner that is efficient, fair, and resilient to adversarial behavior, while also minimizing communication overhead. Existing approaches often rely primarily on resource availability or on the ability to create blocks, particularly in sharded blockchain architectures. Building on these ideas, this paper proposes a Resource Weighted–Block Score selection algorithm, which integrates a node’s block score with its computational resource availability to guide verifier node selection. Simulation-based evaluation demonstrates that the proposed approach significantly reduces transaction verification latency and improves overall node utilization, thereby enhancing network performance and scalability in sharded blockchain systems.