Study on GIS-based suitability evaluation of the landscape environment of celebrity former residences in Huanggang

Celebrity former residences, as cultural carriers shaped by historical evolution, embody profound cultural significance and hold immeasurable historical, social, political, and economic value. Grounded in the theories of human settlement science, settlement geography, and landscape ecology, this study takes the preserved celebrity former residences in Huanggang City as its research objects. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and adopting a geographical perspective, eight geographical evaluation factors were selected in ArcGIS to represent topography, hydrology, ecology, and geomorphological stability as assessment indicators. By analyzing the relationship between these geographical factors and the spatial distribution of the residences, a suitability evaluation system for the landscape environment of celebrity former residences in Huanggang was established. The results indicate that, among the 136 officially protected celebrity residences in the city, 66 are located in highly suitable areas, accounting for 48.53%; 49 are located in suitable areas, accounting for 36.03%; 18 are located in less suitable areas, accounting for 13.24%; and 3 are located in unsuitable areas, accounting for 2.20%. In addition, a case study of the former residence of Li Siguang in Tuanfeng County demonstrates that its siting highly corresponds to the established evaluation framework. These findings suggest that geographical environmental factors are not only closely linked to the site selection of celebrity residences in Huanggang but also provide valuable references and guidance for future architectural siting and landscape environmental planning.