Macular thickness profile in an adult population using Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

(95% CI 8.51 to 8.54). The 95th and 99th percentiles of central macular thickness were 301 and 318 μm, respectively. Central macular thickness was positively associated with male gender (β = 10.64; P < 0.001) and axial length (β = 2.39; P < 0.001), while it was negatively correlated with increased HbA1c levels (β = - 0.86; P < 0.001) and mean keratometry (β = - 6.87; P < 0.001). Additionally, individuals with a history of radiotherapy (β = - 1.99; P = 0.007) exhibited thinner macular thickness. Macular volume also showed an inverse relationship with increasing age (β = - 0.01; P = 0.002) and was lower in smokers (β = - 0.15; P = 0.013). This study highlights the importance of considering demographic factors, such as age, sex, and axial length, as well as underlying health conditions like diabetes and a history of radiotherapy, when interpreting OCT imaging results. The variations seen between different OCT devices, including differences in segmentation algorithms and measurement accuracy, underscore the necessity of developing normalized databases tailored to each specific device and population.