Design and development of portable vibration and dynamic balance measurement system

To enhance the convenience of measuring unbalanced vibrations in rotating equipment and meet the on-site operation and maintenance requirements, a portable vibration and dynamic balance measurement system was designed and tested. The system, with the STM32F407VGT6 chip as its core, mainly consists of data detection module, data processing and transmission module, and terminal control and display module. The data detection module includes photoelectric sensors and vibration sensors. The data processing and transmission module incorporates optocoupler isolation, A/D conversion, and multiple communication modules. The terminal control and display module enables human-computer interaction and remote management. In terms of hardware design, circuits such as tracking band-pass filters and programmable gain amplifiers were developed to optimize signal acquisition quality. At the software level, fundamental frequency extraction algorithms including DFT were integrated to ensure accurate extraction of vibration characteristics. Experimental verification shows that the system can achieve high-precision acquisition of vibration signals and calculation of unbalance within the rotational speed range of 0-3000 rpm. The coincidence degree of fundamental frequency extraction results between the STM32 hardware terminal and the MATLAB software terminal exceeds 95 %, and data interaction and remote monitoring can be accomplished through multiple communication methods. This system meets the requirements of on-site portable operation and maintenance, providing reliable technical support for dynamic balance correction of rotating machinery.