Investigating Novel Inflammatory Indices and Their Links to Mortality, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Disease: A 10‐Year Cohort Study

Background and Aims: Inflammatory indices, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-platelet ratio (NLPR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been proposed as prognostic markers for mortality. This study explored the links between novel inflammatory markers and mortality, including all-cause death, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: The MASHAD cohort study included adults aged 35-65 years through a stratified cluster sampling method. Demographic, health-related, and inflammatory indices data were collected at baseline. Participants were followed for 10 years. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were employed to examine the associations of inflammatory markers with mortality outcomes. Results: = 0.004). Lower all-cause mortality was observed in the mid-tertile of PLR, specifically among men and those without hypertension or CVD, according to subgroup analysis. NLR and SII were not associated with mortality. Conclusion: PLR and NLPR have potential as prognostic markers for all-cause mortality, with PLR demonstrating a consistent protective effect at moderate levels. Further research with extended follow-up periods is necessary to confirm these results and investigate their potential relevance to clinical practice.