Chemical Profiling and Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Meistera verrucosa Leaf and Rhizome Acetone Extracts

Meistera verrucosa is a recent novel plant species in Vietnam. Comprehensive investigations into its biological effects and chemical compositions across various solvents have remained vague up to date. Herein, for the first time, we present the chemical composition of M. verrucosa leaf and rhizome acetone extracts based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 32 and 25 compounds were found in the respective extracts. The leaf extract contained 24.44% of geraniol; 13.69% of procerin; 9.09% of eucalyptol; 7.80% of flamenol and a small fraction of other compounds (<5.0%). Meanwhile, the rhizome extract was characterized by 20.09% of n-hexadecanoic acid; 15.66% of 2-pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl; 9.91% of (E)-coniferyl alcohol; 6.57% of trans-cinnamic acid; 6.55% of 2-methyl-Z,Z-3,13-octadecadienol; 5.40% of 2-butanone, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-; and other minor compounds (<5%). Additionally, both leaf and rhizome extracts of M. verrucosa inhibited the growth of all ten bacterial strains including Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter hormaechei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella flexneri according to the disk diffusion method with inhibitory zone ranged from 7.83±0.76 mm to 23.00±2.65 mm. The antioxidant effect was demonstrated by DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 values were 99.05±6.59 µg/mL and 3.79±0.07 µg/mL for leaf and rhizome extracts, respectively. Consequently, the acetone extracts of M. verrucosa hold promise for potential applications in pharmaceutical product development in the future.