Flexible polarization-multiplexing manipulation through a highly scattering medium for high-resolution arbitrary-polarization vector light field generation

The reconstruction and manipulation of an optical field passing through a scattering medium have attracted significant attention. The generation and manipulation of vector beams with arbitrary non-uniform polarization-state using a highly anisotropic scattering medium (HASM) remain a challenging topic. Here, a high-resolution vector light field with an arbitrary polarization state over a highly scattering medium is generated by employing an extended polarization transfer matrix (EPTM) for more intuitive and convenient manipulation of the polarization state of output light. To our knowledge, this is the first time that EPTMs have been used to achieve the superposition of non-orthogonal polarization states with diverse energy-weight ratios through polarization-multiplexing each polarization component of the input field and intermodal phase adjustments between polarized light components after passing through HASM. These findings improve our understanding of the HASM’s vector manipulation capabilities regarding non-uniformly polarized light and may have potential applications in relevant fields.