FPGA-based solver architecture design for real-time simulation of renewable energy power plant

High share of renewable energy and power electronics integration cause wide frequency domain stability issues and micro/nanosecond simulation demands of power systems. To address this issue, a general FPGA-based solver is designed in this paper for variable topologies based on Electro-Magnetic Transient Program (EMTP) principles, utilizing parallel computing, high bandwidth and low latency characteristics of FPGA. It splits EMTP solution into four steps and builds a modular architecture. Key designs include matrix preprocessing split transmission, 2-level voltage source converter (2L-VSC) decoupling model via switching function, and combined parallel-multiplexing for efficiency. A validation with photovoltaic power plant case on PSCAD v46, RTDS and FPGA platforms shows well-fitted AC waveforms and stable DC voltage post-short fluctuations and prove the high accuracy of proposed FPGA-based solver.