Coexistence of Metabolic Syndrome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients in a Tertiary Hospital Setup of South Tamil Nadu

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) attending a tertiary care hospital in South Tamil Nadu. Secondary ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and the presence of metabolic syndrome.To study the gender-wise distribution of individual components of metabolic syndrome (Modified NCEP ATP III) in patients with OSA. IntroductIonObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition in which there is repeated upper airway obstruction, causing absent or reduced airflow during sleep, despite normal respiratory efforts, leading to snoring, nocturnal desaturation, disrupted sleep, and daytime symptoms.The global prevalence is 9% to 38% and is common among middle-aged males and elderly populations. 1 Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic abnormalities, namely obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), systemic hypertension, and dyslipidemia. 2The coexistence of metabolic syndrome with OSA is often called "syndrome Z" and poses significant public health challenges due to its higher cardiac risk. 3bstructive sleep apnea contributes to metabolic dysfunction via multiple mechanisms, including sympathetic overdrive, free radical release, systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction 4 .Our study aims to find out the coexistence of metabolic syndrome among OSA patients and also to analyze the association between metabolic Syndrome and OSA severity. MaterIals a n d Methods Study Design and Settings