Advances in Coumarin‐Based Drugs: Synthetic Strategies, Pharmacological Significance, and Future Prospects

ABSTRACT Coumarins are a class of naturally occurring aromatic compounds with promising medicinal applications due to their broad spectrum of biological effects, including anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, anticoagulant, and antiviral capabilities, because of their favorable drug‐like characteristics, which include high solubility, low molecular weight, excellent bioavailability, and minimum toxicity. Many coumarin derivatives have been extracted from different plant sources in recent years, and their extracts are being used as traditional remedies. Despite their significance, several studies have addressed various aspects of coumarin derivatives, but the current study offers an updated and integrated viewpoint that includes new synthetic methodologies, pharmacological discoveries, and emerging research prospects. This study addresses the knowledge gap and attempts to assist researchers in the design and synthesis of novel coumarin‐based medications for a variety of illnesses, such as cardiovascular, inflammatory, infectious, and oncological conditions, by offering a methodical summary of their medicinal chemistry and clinical uses.