Seroprevalence of <i>Neospora caninum</i> in Camelids of the New and Old World: A Global Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
= 93.75%, p < 0.0001). The highest seroprevalence was detected in Old World camelids at 14% (95% CI: 10%-19%), indicating greater susceptibility to N. caninum exposure. Higher prevalence rates were observed in Europe (14%, 95% CI: 7%-26%) and Asia (12%, 95% CI: 8%-18%) than in Australia (2%, 95% CI: 0%-8%). No significant differences in N. caninum seroprevalence were found between age groups, genders, host species, or diagnostic methods. The funnel plot and Begg's and Egger's tests indicated no substantial publication bias (Egger's test: p = 0.07). Despite the relatively low seroprevalence of N. caninum in camelids, the present results indicate a wide distribution of this parasite worldwide. Further research is warranted to investigate the role of camels in the life cycle of N. caninum.
Authors
- Arezoo Bozorgomid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2093-9317)
- Ronak Miladi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3330-3142)
- Mohammad Taghi Khodayari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6736-2004)
- Seyed Ahmad Karamati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5800)
- Shahab Falahi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3764-2168)
- Yazdan Hamzavi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7360-2449)
- Helia Bashiri
- Somayeh Jalilian
- Nashmin Mohemmi
- Reza Faraji (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5973-7301)
Institutions
- University of Maragheh (IR)
- Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran (IR)
- Medical University of Ilam (IR)
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Ilam University (IR)
- Concordia University (CA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Veterinary Medicine and Science
- Published
- 2026-05-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70981
- Primary Topic
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00