Rapid Characterization of the Chemical Constituents of Jiawei Siwu Decoction Based on HPLC‐FT‐ICR‐MS and Network Pharmacology Analysis

ABSTRACT Jiawei Siwu Decoction (JWSWD), derived from a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription comprising 16 herbs, is clinically used for treating skin diseases like seborrheic dermatitis, acne, and rosacea. However, its chemical composition and mechanism of action remain elusive. This study established a rapid analytical method using HPLC‐FT‐ICR‐MS to identify 115 compounds in JWSWD, including phenylpeptides, phenylethanol glycosides, terpenes, anthraquinones, nucleosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, and organic acids. By integrating data mining and network pharmacology, we screened 182 chemical components and 859 targets, identifying 277 common targets. We constructed drug–composition–target and protein–protein interaction networks to pinpoint core targets and conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses using the Metascape database. This method facilitates the rapid identification of JWSWD constituents and lays a foundation for pharmacological and in vivo studies, offering insights into its mechanism of action.