The role of microelement preparations in the formation of spring rape productivity

The article presents the results of assessing the impact of foliar feeding with microelements on the yield and oil content of new varieties of spring rape. The research was carried out during 2023-2025 on the experimental field of the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture (Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops). The object of the research was the spring rape hybrid PR46X75 (Pioneer) and the Erebus variety (VNIIMK). The experiment consisted of foliar feeding of rapeseed plants with a complex of microelements. The experimental design is two-factor: factor A is the variety, factor B is microelements. In 2024, the rapeseed growing season conditions were characterized as dry, the GTK was 0.48, in 2025, excess moisture was noted (GTK 1.35), in 2023, the conditions were optimal, the GTK was 0.98. Foliar treatment of rapeseed with microelements contributed to an increase in the productivity of the PR46X75 hybrid by 0.03-0.16 t/ha, and the Erebus variety by 0.13-0.31 t/ha. The highest yield of the Erebus variety was observed in the variant with the use of boron, which amounted to 2.21 t/ha, which was 0.31 t/ha higher than the control variant. In the PR46X75 hybrid, the maximum yield was achieved in variants with the use of boron and zinc and amounted to 2.22 and 2.21 t/ha. The most intensive oil accumulation was noted in the variants with foliar treatment with sulfur, where the oil content of the PR46X75 hybrid was 48.83% and the Erebus variety – 46.35%, and provided an increase in fat content within the range of 2.12 and 2.74%. In the formation of rapeseed yield, the microelement factor had the greatest influence, the share of influence was 58.3%, while in the accumulation of oil in seeds, the variety factor had the predominant influence – 46.3%. The greatest stability is demonstrated by variants using zinc and boron in the formation of yield (bi = 0.98-1.04) and oil content (bi = 0.99-1.02). In general, foliar feeding of spring rapeseed with microelements contributes to an increase in yield in the range of 1.4-14.0% and fat content by 0.5-5.9%.