On an alleged case of euthanasia by pentobarbital administration

• Accurate evidence collection must be pursued in case of alleged sanitary professional liability. • A case of attempted homicide for euthanasic purposes in a hospital setting is presented. • Forensic toxicological consultation can solve criticisms in polytherapy psychiatric regimens. • Integrating forensic approach into clinical procedures can avoid unfounded accusations The delivery of healthcare services within hospital facilities and the management of those services by a team of health professionals fundamentally changed the intrinsic characteristics of professional responsibility in the medical field. It is crucial to carefully evaluate the connection between the alleged cause and the alleged effect when proving the potential existence of medical professional liability profiles. It is imperative to emphasize that a sanitary expert cannot be held accountable for the outcomes of difficulties that are not directly linked to technical misconduct. To illustrate the critical role that forensic toxicology plays in determining the veracity of the evidence to support or refute a claim of professional responsibility in psychiatric context, the case of a claimed pentobarbital administration for euthanasic purposes is provided.