First aid training in conflict zones: An interventional training study and a post-training knowledge assessment

Background In conflict-affected regions such as Syria, where health systems are severely disrupted, first aid training for laypersons is a critical intervention to reduce preventable mortality. This study aimed to evaluate Post-training theoretical knowledge of Syrian university students regarding the principles of First Aid. Methods An interventional training study was conducted in Swaida, Syria, in April 2025. University students (n=98 enrolled, n=55 analyzed) participated in a 10-hour, evidence-based course aligned with international guidelines. Post-training knowledge was assessed using a validated 14-question instrument. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman’s correlation). Results Participants demonstrated a high level of post-course knowledge, with a median score of 13 (IQR: 12-13) and 75% scoring above 12 points. No statistically significant differences in scores were found between students from different faculties (p=0.051) or between those with and without prior training (p=0.461). A moderate positive correlation existed between academic year and test score (r=0.425, p<0.01). The most frequent knowledge gaps pertained to the management of shock and poisoning. Conclusions A structured first aid course is important for theoretical knowledge among students in a conflict setting, demonstrating potential to build equitable, community-level emergency response capacity. These findings support the strategic integration of context-adapted first aid education into public health initiatives in crisis-affected regions to strengthen resilience and mitigate the health consequences of conflict.