Sports Infrastructures as Arenas for Environmental Citizenship: A Theoretical Exploration of Pro-Environmental Behaviors and Responsible Water Consumption

Sustainable freshwater management represents a critical global challenge that requires not only technical and regulatory solutions but also active citizen engagement. Psychological research highlights that pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) is influenced by social and contextual factors, particularly in collective settings. This theoretical paper examines how sport venues can function as social infrastructures to promote environmentally responsible water use within communities. Grounded in the Values-Belief-Norm (VBN) theory and the Social Identity Model for Pro-Environmental Action (SIMPEA), the paper conceptualizes sport venues as environments conducive to the emergence of shared norms and collective efficacy. Three key psychological mechanisms are identified: (1) normative influence through descriptive and injunctive messages encouraging water conservation; (2) identity-based processes linked to group belonging, such as teams or clubs; and (3) leadership and modelling by athletes and coaches. By transforming routine practices into educational opportunities, sport infrastructures can foster environmental awareness and civic responsibility. This integrative framework positions sport organizations as catalysts for collective behavioural change and sustainable water management.