Effect of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation vs. Posterolateral MWM on Range of Motion in Overhead Athletes With Posterior Shoulder Tightness: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Objectives Posterior shoulder tightness (PST) is a common impairment among overhead athletes, resulting from repetitive stresses that alter glenohumeral kinematics and restrict range of motion (ROM), increasing the risk of shoulder pathologies like impingement or labral injuries. The aim of the study is to compare the effect of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (IASTM) and posterolateral mobilisation with movement (MWM) on ROM and shoulder mobility in overhead athletes with PST. Material and Methods A total of 52 recreational overhead athletes, aged between 18 and 30 years, with PST, were randomly divided into two groups. Group A received posterolateral MWM, whereas Group B received IASTM. Each group received a single treatment session. Key outcomes measured were ROM, evaluated using a digital goniometer, and shoulder mobility, assessed via Apley’s scratch test (AST). Measurements were recorded at baseline, immediately following the intervention, and during a follow-up session 1 week later. Statistical analysis involved non-parametric methods: the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for within-group differences and the Mann-Whitney U test for comparisons between groups. Results Both groups showed significant improvements in internal rotation and shoulder mobility immediately and at 1-week follow-up ( p <0.05). Group A had greater gains in internal rotation ( p <0.001), while Group B showed better improvements in shoulder mobility ( p = 0.002). Between-group analysis confirmed these differences ( p <0.05). Conclusion While both IASTM and posterolateral MWM are effective in enhancing shoulder mobility and ROM in overhead athletes with PST, posterolateral MWM appears to be more effective in alleviating tightness.