Research hotspots and trend prospects in the field of outbreak and prevention of zoonoses from the perspective of One Health: A visual analysis based on CiteSpace

Objective: To systematically sort out the research status of the field of zoonotic disease outbreak and prevention from the perspective of One Health, reveal its knowledge structure, hot spot evolution and cooperation network, and then provide a basis for the scientific research layout and prevention and control practice in this field. Methods: Relevant literature on One Health and the prevention and control of zoonotic disease outbreaks was retrieved from the Web of Science database from September 24, 2004 to January 5, 2026. CiteSpace 6.4.R1 software was used for visual analysis. Results: A total of 691 publications were retrieved. The annual number of publications has been growing steadily since 2012, with an overall marked acceleration after 2020. The national cooperation network analysis shows that USA ( n =203) is the main knowledge-producing country, while England, Australia and other countries have high centrality in the network (all >0.1) and serve as key hubs. The keyword clustering analysis formed 14 clusters with significant structure ( Q =0.7622), encompassing specific host research and forward-looking governance themes.The temporal evolution analysis shows that 2020 marked a turning point,with research hotspot shifting from classical epidemiology towards traceability, spillover mechanism and global monitoring driven by the COVID-19. The emerging frontier focuses on studies of seroprevalence. Conclusions: This field has established a dual knowledge structure integrating basic science and governance strategies. Future research should deepen the understanding of human-animal interface mechanism, and leverage existing cooperation network to promote balanced development in zoonotic disease prevention.