Disparities among EU Countries in the Circular Economy Framework: an Entropy-Based Analysis of Global Sustainability and Resilience

This paper analyzes the circular economy framework within the European Union, focusing on its contribution to global sustainability and resilience during 2023. Using the entropy method, the study examines convergence and divergence among EU member states based on three key indicators: consumption footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, and material import dependency. The results show convergence in terms of consumption footprint, while material import dependency exhibits the greatest divergence. The analysis highlights the uneven implementation of circular economy principles across EU countries, offering insights relevant for future sustainable development policies.