Optimization and Validation of a UV Spectrophotometric Method for Quantifying Urtica dioica (UD) Extract

Objective: To quantify Urtica dioica (UD), a widely used antidiabetic ingredient in medicinal products, this research focuses on establishing and validating a UV spectrophotometric technique that is sensitive, straightforward, reliable, precise, and cost-effective. Methods: Methanol was used in the solvent system for the analysis. The absorbance of standard solutions was measured to create a calibration curve. Following the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines, analytical performance parameters, including linearity, range, precision, accuracy, Limit of Detection (LOD), Limit of Quantification (LOQ), and robustness, were evaluated. Results: In the selected medium, UD showed a maximum absorption peak (λmax) at 276 nm. Beer– Lambert’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.5–5 μg/mL, with a strong correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9919. The method demonstrated a recovery range of 99.08–100.37%, with the percentage Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) consistently below 2%. Discussion: This method offers practical advantages such as rapid analysis, accuracy, costeffectiveness, and simplicity. It is therefore well-suited for the quantitative analysis of Urtica dioica in lipid nanoparticle formulations. Conclusion: The study concludes that the developed method is accurate, precise, and reproducible. It is also characterized by affordability, time efficiency, and simplicity. As a result, this technique can be effectively used to determine the amount of UD in lipid nanoparticles..