Startup support in emerging economies: a study of collaboration among government agencies in Bangladesh

Purpose This study aims to examine how government agencies in Bangladesh collaborate to support startups. Design/methodology/approach This study used a modified exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach, which was anchored in a theoretical framework and integrated established theories with surveys, interviews and collaboration mapping, to examine how government agencies coordinate and share information to support startups. Findings This research identified several institutional and cultural factors that shape collaboration among government agencies in Bangladesh’s startup ecosystem. Hierarchical communication structures, collectivist organizational norms, fragmented institutional mandates and limited startup literacy among policymakers hinder effective information sharing and inter-agency coordination. The findings also highlight the absence of key collaboration mechanisms, including horizontal collaboration frameworks and a shared understanding of startup ecosystem dynamics, which weaken the effectiveness of startup-related policies. Strengthening inter-agency coordination and enhancing policymakers’ understanding of startups emerged as crucial steps to improve government support for entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications This study involved 15 participants. The sample size was determined based on the influence of a few key stakeholders shaping the early-stage startup ecosystem, especially those from the public sector. Originality/value This study adds to the growing body of research on the startup ecosystem in Bangladesh and offers relevant insights for policymakers in emerging economies aiming to support startups. Additionally, it fills a gap in the literature by presenting broad perspectives of stakeholders in the startup ecosystem and connecting them to the prevailing organizational culture.