Clinical approach to small psittacines and passerines

Background : The most commonly encountered small avian species in clinical practice are psittacines, such as budgerigars, cockatiels and lovebirds, and passerines, such as finches and canaries. These birds are increasingly presented for veterinary treatment, with owners expecting a high standard of care. Aim of the article : This article provides a systematic diagnostic approach for small sick birds and reviews common clinical conditions encountered in practice and effective treatment strategies. It also covers triage and stabilisation of acutely ill birds to improve clinical outcomes in general practice settings.