What are the psychometric properties of the tools measuring outcomes of educational interventions on pressure injury prevention? systematic review

QUESTION: What are the psychometric properties of the tools measuring outcomes of educational interventions on pressure injury prevention? BACKGROUND: Given the significant prevalence and incidence of pressure injuries and their detrimental effects, the implementation of pressure injury prevention education is fundamental for all involved in the care of the at "risk" patient population. To assess the outcome of the educational programmes and determine their impact, the use of a validated tool is required to assess outcomes such as knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards PI prevention. There has been an increased focus in health care on instrument development and psychometric testing, as this allows both researchers and educators to assess and measure the challenges in a valid and reliable way. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the psychometric properties in current tools/instruments used to measure outcomes of educational interventions on pressure injury prevention. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase in March 2025. Studies reporting psychometric properties of tools/instruments measuring the impact of pressure injury prevention educational interventions were included. Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for eligibility. Data on tool characteristics, reliability and validity were extracted from included studies. REVIEW METHODS: The search identified 147 records, of which 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION: This review found considerable variability in the psychometric quality of tools used to evaluate pressure ulcer prevention education outcomes. Most tools demonstrated only partial validation, focusing on internal consistency with limited assessment of other properties.