Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Based Decentralized Healthcare Monitoring Using <scp>AAAPS</scp> Consensus Mechanism

ABSTRACT The healthcare business relies heavily on Internet of Things (IoT) devices to automatically gather health parameters like temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and so on. However, security, privacy, and dependability concerns are the largest obstacles facing IoT devices in the healthcare sector. The Blockchain Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) framework's characteristics reduce transaction costs, offer high security, and guard against attacks. So, the proposed work utilized the HLF with a novel Aspect Authority: Access Permission Schema (AAAPS) consensus algorithm for improving the security of healthcare data. The healthcare IoT sensors estimate the patient's heart rate, temperature, blood pressure, etc. Initially, the IoT and HLF are integrated through the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol and Node‐RED tool. The collected IoT data is stored in the HLF blockchain by following specific procedures, including authenticating the user through the JSON Web Token (JWT) and Certificate Authority (CA). Then, the transaction is evaluated through the endorsing policy, and the consensus is calculated using the AAAPS algorithm. After getting consensus from other nodes presented in the HLF, the IoT data is stored in the ledger storage. The web‐based application is created for this work, and it is evaluated using the latency, response time, etc. The application attained high throughput and less response time. The highly secure remote monitoring healthcare application is made possible by integrating the HLF with a novel consensus algorithm into IoT devices.