Prevalence and Factors Associated with Poor Sleep Quality Among Undergraduate Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Undergraduate students often engage in nighttime activities and electronic device usage that may adversely affect sleep quality and academic performance; therefore, factors associated with sleep quality are important. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality in undergraduate students. Four hundred and five undergraduate students participated in a cross-sectional study and had no history of psychological disorders or use of medications affecting sleep. Data was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire, electronic device usage questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors associated with poor sleep quality. Among the undergraduate students in this study, 65.93% reported having poor sleep quality. The factors associated with poor sleep quality were stress (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06) and musculoskeletal discomfort (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.23–2.99) after controlling for other variables. Undergraduate students frequently experience poor sleep quality, with stress and musculoskeletal discomfort being major contributors. These findings highlight the importance of mental health support and stress management programs in improving sleep quality and overall well-being, as well as in preventing long-term detrimental consequences for undergraduate students’ mental health, physical health and academic performance.