Sustainable Magnetic Hybrid Biomaterials from Sugarcane Bagasse and Rice Husk for Enhanced Simultaneous Adsorption of Cu(II)-Pb(II) Ions and Aqueous Pollutants

Agricultural byproducts cellulose-rich (~40%) sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and rice husk (RH) wastes may be used as fiber sources in biomaterials manufacturing. The hybrid biomass fibers are two kinds of fibers that should generate a biocomposite according to the functions and physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of materials. The biocomposite was synthesized using the solvothermal method. The FeCl3.6H2O was dissolved in C2H3NaO2 and C6H6O2 and later heated at 60 °C. The SCB and RH fiber (1:1) are added with HDMA into the mixture, then placed in a Teflon stainless steel autoclave at 200 °C for 6 h. The biocomposite was employed as a green adsorbent to treat wastewater through simultaneous adsorption. The biocomposite had 2.637 mmol g−1 of amine groups, which makes smaller magnetic particles and a high surface area of up to 79%. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model followed the Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions adsorption for 4 h (240 min), and the maximum adsorption capacities were 35.042 mg g−1 and 67.127 mg g−1, respectively, at the pH of 5. The biocomposite not only got rid of metal ions, but it also worked well to get rid of dye, total suspended solids (TSSs), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as pollutants in wastewater. The biocomposite still worked well after being used four times.