Predictive Utility of Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Carcinoma Breast Cases in Correlation with Oxidative Stress, Immuno-biomarkers and Body Mass Index

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, contributing significantly to global cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It is responsible for nearly 15% of all female cancer fatalities. It has a higher prevalence in developed nations. AIMS: The present study aimed to assess the predictive utility of Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in carcinoma breast cases in correlation with oxidative stress, immuno-biomarkers and body mass index (BMI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Prospective interventional study. The Prospective Interventional Study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and the Histopathology and Radiology division of the Department of Pathology, JNMC, in collaboration with the Department of Surgery, JNMC and Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha, for the duration of 3 years. Total 81 samples were recruited for the study. The patient's history was taken, and a proper medical examination was carried out. The SPSS program for Windows, version 26.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA), was employed to conduct the statistical analysis. Categorical variables were analysed using either the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, while continuous variables were compared using the unpaired t -testing method. P ≤0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant. RESULTS: A significant positive correlations between AIP and various parameters, including BMI ( r = 0.591, P < 0.001), superoxide dismutase ( r = 0.407, P < 0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( r = 0.507, P < 0.001), Interleukin-10 (IL-10) ( r = 0.706, P < 0.001) and IL-18 ( r = 0.652, P < 0.001). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation with lipid profile was observed. CONCLUSIONS: AIP could serve as a useful surrogate marker to assess not only lipid imbalance but also broader systemic changes that accompany breast cancer.