Assessments of rice establishment methods adapted to shrinking farming workforces in southern China

Abstract Southern China is the most important rice ( Oryza sativa L.)‐producing region in the country. However, rapid urbanization and economic development have led to a sharp decline in the farming workforce across this region, raising growing concerns that no one will be left to plant rice. In response, rice establishment methods adapted to the shrinking farming workforce have been developed in the region. This paper briefly discusses these developments, focusing on two main aspects: the challenges associated with the adoption of direct seeding and the strategies for promoting mechanical transplanting. The discussion may also offer useful implications for other rice‐producing regions worldwide facing similar concerns about farming workforce shortages.