Molecular docking of polyphenols and screening of antioxidant and anticancer activity of Artemisia monosperma leaf extracts in human cancer cells

= 24 µg/ml). Both AME and AMM demonstrated potent anticancer activity against HCT-116 (IC₅₀ = 0.38 µg/mL for AMM) and HUH-7 (IC₅₀ = 21.95 µg/mL for AMM) cells, while exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity toward normal skin fibroblast cells (BJ-1; IC₅₀ = 13.05 µg/mL for AMM), with AMM demonstrating particular selectivity for HCT-116 cells. AMM induced DNA fragmentation and modulated apoptosis-related gene expression (Bax, Bcl-2, p53) in HUH-7 cells and caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in HCT-116 cells. Molecular docking further supported AMM's apoptosis activity. These results position A. monosperma as a rich source of bioactive polyphenols and antioxidants, with AMM showing promise as a therapeutic agent, especially for colorectal cancer.