Weld Seam Identification Using Edge Detection in Machine Vision

In intelligent welding, achieving the automation of weld quality inspection is a significant challenge, and weld seam marking is of crucial importance. For this purpose, a method based on edge detection using binary image preprocessing was developed on the MATLAB platform. Compared with the traditional multi-sensor fusion approach, this method does not require complex sensor integration, simplifying the implementation process. Compared with neural network methods, it is more flexible and simpler. The method first preprocesses the image into a binary image and then compares the weld seam feature marking with the Roberts, Prewitt, Sobel, and Canny operators. The results show that the Canny operator demonstrates a significant performance advantage in the comparison of four indicators: point sharpness, entropy, average gradient, and Quality Assessment of Blended Features. Its performance is 3 to 25 times that of other operators, and it performs best in weld seam feature texture detection, showing high robustness.