Виявлення закономірностей показників міцності кузова пасажирського вагона від використання С-подібного профілю з перфорацією в хребтовій балці

This study considers processes resulting in the occurrence and acceptance of loads by the body of a passenger railroad car with a girdle beam under operational conditions. The task addressed is to improve the strength indicators of the girdle beam in a passenger car. To improve the strength of the frame of a passenger car, it is proposed to introduce a C-shaped profile with perforation as a profile for the girdle beam. The mass of the girdle beam using the proposed profile will decrease by more than 20%. At the same time, the moment of resistance of the cross-section of the girdle beam will increase by almost 14%. To substantiate such an implementation, a calculation was performed for the strength of the body of a passenger car under the main modes of its loading during operation. It was established that the maximum stresses arising in the girdle beam under the most unfavorable loading scheme are lower than the permissible ones by 20.5%. Under other design loading conditions of the body, the strength of its structure is also maintained. As part of the study, a modal analysis of the passenger car body was conducted. The calculations showed that traffic safety from the point of view of modal analysis is observed. A feature of the proposed improvement of the passenger car body is that it does not complicate the maintenance and repair of the car using the existing base. The scope of practical use of the results is railroad transport. The condition for using the research results is compliance with periodic maintenance of the passenger car body during operation. The study reported here will contribute to compiling recommendations for the design of new passenger car structures with improved technical and economic indicators