Удосконалення технології гідратації олії волоського горіха з нестандартними якісними показниками

The object of the study is the hydration process of walnut oil with non-standard quality indicators. Walnut oil is used in the food, cosmetic industry, and for technical purposes. Phosphorus-containing substances worsen the consumer and technological properties of oils, complicate the purification processes and use in chemical reactions. Hydration allows to remove phosphorus-containing substances by treating with water, acids, or enzyme preparations. The hydration of walnut oil with an increased mass fraction of phosphorus-containing substances, as well as moisture and volatile substances was studied. The qualitative indicators of the initial oil: mass fraction of phosphorus-containing substances (in terms of stearooleolecithin) 0.56%, mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances 0.4%, peroxide value 3.2 ½ O mmol/kg, acid value 2.5 mg KOH/g. The oil was previously subjected to water hydration under the following conditions: temperature 55°C, added water concentration 1.0%, settling time 2 h. The mass fraction of phosphorus-containing substances decreased to 0.49%. Further reduction of the mass fraction of phosphorus-containing substances was carried out using citric acid (50% solution). Rational conditions for acid hydration were established: temperature 60°C, citric acid concentration to the mass of oil 0.3%. After that, the mass fraction of phosphorus-containing substances in the hydrated oil was 0.07%. The hydrated oil was subjected to drying under vacuum conditions (95°C, 1 h). The mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances in the dried hydrated oil was 0.1%. Effective extraction of phosphorus-containing substances from the oil was achieved by gradually conducting water and acid hydration and establishing rational conditions for acid hydration. The results of the work make it possible to effectively carry out hydration of walnut oil and other oils with an increased content of phosphorus-containing substances.