Обґрунтування методу оцінки узагальненої динамічної нестабільності параметрів газового середовища приміщень для раннього попередження пожежі

The object of research is the dynamics of the gas environment at the early stages of material combustion in premises. The problem to be solved is to develop a method of generalized dynamic instability of the gas environment, based on the local Kant function and its time derivative, to detect early unstable regimes of the gas environment preceding the development of a fire. A method for assessing the generalized dynamic instability of the gas environment of premises is proposed, focused on the parameters of early fire warning. Generalized dynamic instability is understood as a cumulative characteristic that expresses the level of local sensitivity of the dynamics of time series of gas environment parameters to excitation, as well as the rate of change of this sensitivity in time. The local in time variant of the Kantz method and its time derivative are used as the basis. The method is tested on experimental data of the current concentration of carbon monoxide, which are obtained under the conditions of modeling the ignition of materials. It is shown that the local Kantz function and its derivative demonstrate pronounced changes in the transient regimes of the gas environment in the absence of significant excesses of the permissible thresholds of the dangerous measured parameter. The results obtained allow to consider the proposed measure of generalized dynamic instability as an additional diagnostic feature in early fire warning systems. The dynamics of the proposed measure for the initial stages of ignition of alcohol, paper and textiles are studied. The relationship between the dynamic content of carbon monoxide and the change in the generalized measure is analyzed. The results obtained indicate the efficiency of the method and show that, despite the differences in the kinetics of gas release and the nature of combustion, the dynamic response of the generalized measure of dynamic instability is universal.