Secondary Metabolites Analysis and Anti-Cancer Potential of Lansium parasiticum Extract

Cancer is a non-communicable disease characterized by uncontrolled growth of malignant cells. The leaves and stems of Lansium parasiticum have been recognized for their potential as an anti-cancer agent. However, research reporting secondary metabolite profiles and anti-cancer activity in these plants remains limited. This study aimed to identify compounds, compare compound profiles, and predict the anti-cancer activity of secondary metabolites present in the leaves and stem bark of Lansium parasiticum. The secondary metabolite profile was analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) chromatogram data interpretation, while the prediction of anticancer activity was made by referencing the Probability Activity value obtained through the PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) Server. The results revealed 24 bioactive compounds successfully identified from the Lansium parasiticum leaf extract, with Emindole Sb as the major compound comprising 19.3% of the total chromatographic area. Meanwhile, the analysis identified 23 bioactive compounds in the stem bark extract of Lansium parasiticum, with Moronic Acid as the major constituent, representing 14.29% of the total chromatographic area. The examination of the anticancer potential utilizing a probability activity method suggests that both the leaves and stem bark of Lansium parasiticum demonstrate antineoplastic, chemopreventive, and apoptosis-inducing activities.