A Conceptual Recapture of Shukra Dushti and The Role of Shukra Shodhana in Its Management

Shukra is considered the essence of all dhatus and a key determinant of fertility, vitality, psychological stability and progeny in Ayurveda. The concept of Shukra Dushti, i.e., vitiation of semen, explains how improper diet, lifestyle, stress, and aggravated doshas affect the quality, quantity and functional capacity of Shukra. Treating symptoms alone is insufficient; the purification and restoration of Shukra are equally important. Acharya Charaka, Sushruta and Vagbhata describe specific herbs and formulations capable of Shukra Shodhana (purifying), Shukra Vardhana (enhancing) and Shukra Sthapana (stabilizing) actions. Though some works explore male infertility or semen disorders, a comprehensive conceptual recapture of Shukra Dushti and the therapeutic significance of Shukra Shodhana is lacking. Thus, this review aims to compile, analyze and synthesize classical and contemporary information regarding the concept of Shukra Dushti and its Ayurvedic management through Shukra Shodhana dravyas. This narrative review is based on classical texts, Nighantus, research articles, Ayurvedic pharmacological literature and major electronic databases relevant to Shukra Dushti, Shukra Shodhana and male reproductive health. Ayurveda describes seven types of Shukra Dushti characterized by alterations in color, smell, consistency, quantity and functional capacity. Classical Ayurvedic literature mentions several drugs with Shukra Shodhana and Shukra Vardhana actions- such as Ashwagandha, Kapikacchu, Gokshura, Atibala, Shatavari, Kushta, Pippali, Vidari, Bala and Yashtimadhu- which improve seminal quality by alleviating doshas, rejuvenating dhatus, enhancing spermatogenesis, and supporting hormonal balance. Shukra Shodhana dravyas possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Rasayana, Vrisya and cytoprotective activities that restore normal semen parameters, improve libido and support overall reproductive health. They help correct dosha imbalance, improve tissue nutrition and prevent pathological changes related to Shukra Dushti. Hence, Shukra Shodhana forms the foundation of Ayurvedic management of male infertility and semen abnormalities.