Design and performance analysis of a hybrid PDM-WDM-SAC-OCDMA-TDM FTTH network for next-generation high-capacity access

Abstract This research introduces a new hybrid design for the Fiber-to-the-Home network architecture to serve 32 users with data rate up to 25 Gb/s per user. This new design combines Polarization Division Multiplexing, Wavelength Division Multiplexing, Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access, and Time Division Multiplexing to maximize spectral efficiency and system capacity. The SAC-OCDMA component utilizes the Identity Column Shift Matrix code, which leads to zero cross-correlation to eliminate multiple access interference. This system simulated using OptiSystem 23 software over a 60 km optical fiber link and the results shows the best Q -factor of 9.0308 with a bit error rate of 7.46 × 10 −20 , while the worst case across all of the 32 users maintains a Q -factor of 6.6734 with bit error rate of 8.761 × 10 −12 , both exceeding the ITU-T recommended threshold for reliable and acceptable communication.