Psychological factors of sports motivation in student-athletes: systematization and analysis of their influence on the effectiveness of training and competitive activity

The relevance of the research is determined by the need to understand the mechanisms of sports motivation formation and to take into account the specifics of motivational profiles of athletes of different specializations in order to improve the effectiveness of training and competitive activities. The purpose of the study is to examine and systematize the psychological factors of sports motivation in student-athletes of various specializations in order to identify the characteristics of their influence on the effectiveness of training and competitive activities. Research methods and organization. The analysis of scientific and methodological literature, surveys, pedagogical observation, testing, experimentation, and methods of mathematical data processing were applied. The empirical base was formed on the material of questionnaires conducted among students of SSUE, Samara National Research University, and VSTU. Research results and conclusions. Specific motivational profiles have been identified for each category of student-athletes: athletes in individual disciplines are oriented towards self-improvement with low significance of social affiliation; in team sports, social aspects and competitive superiority dominate; combat athletes demonstrate the highest levels of competitive superiority and emotional arousal. In all groups, there is a predominance of positive achievement motivation over the avoidance of failure. The structure of sports motivation has been refined taking into account the specifics of the type of sport, and recommendations have been developed for differentiated psychological support. The obtained data can be used to individualize the training process and prevent motivational crises.