Clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells in orthopaedics and traumatology in daily practice

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in clinical practice in orthopaedics and traumatology in accordance with government health regulations. Despite MSCs' promising effects, their application should be guided by the pathophysiology of the target disease. The application of MSCs should follow the regulatory frameworks of each country to ensure their safe and effective use in daily clinical practice. It is suggested that further research be conducted on the current guidelines in broader patient populations.