Comparative analysis of quality of life post coronary angioplasty and bypass surgery: A follow-up study on cardiac patients

Coronary artery disease is a major cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Treatments such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are common; however, their long-term effects on patient quality of life (QoL), particularly in developing nations, are not well understood. This study assessed and compared the QoL of cardiac patients 6 months after post-angioplasty and bypass surgery. A prospective cohort study was conducted over 5 months in 100 patients with Coronary artery disease who underwent PTCA or CABG at the Cardiology Follow-up Clinic of the same hospital. The data were collected using structured questionnaires. The result of this study shows baseline characteristics were similar between PTCA and CABG groups, except for a higher SYNTAX score in the CABG group (29.1 ± 8.6 vs 22.5 ± 7.4; P = .002). At 6 months, symptom relief was reported by 98% (PTCA) and 94% (CABG), with return-to-work rates of 94% and 88%, respectively. The rates of dyspnea, angina, and hospitalization were low and did not differ significantly between the groups. Both groups showed significant improvements in SF-36 and WHO-QoL Physical domain scores (P < .05). No deaths were recorded during follow-up period. Both PTCA and CABG significantly improved patients' QoL at 6 months, particularly in the physical health domain. While CABG showed slightly more consistent improvements in angina and dyspnea, this was not statistically significant during the short-term follow-up.