Technological aspects of the organization of rational land use on especially valuable agricultural lands

The article discusses the technological aspects of organizing rational land use on especially valuable agricultural lands, including topical issues of applying cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies for growing crops. Lands classified as especially valuable productive agricultural land are characterized by high fertility, have a significant content of humus and nutrients in the soil cover. Especially valuable lands provide stable crops of cultivated crops, thus supporting food security and independence of the country. Preserving the fertility of especially valuable lands and protecting their biodiversity, as a priority task of the state, should be carried out using various environmentally friendly technologies to maintain and restore the natural properties of the soil. The authors analyzed the existing technologies for cultivating crops on especially valuable lands. Four groups of methods are considered: agrotechnical, biological, chemical and their combination - an integrated plant protection system. The agrotechnical group of methods is associated with the use of technological means of tillage, the biological group of methods includes the use of biofertilizers and the use of organic raw materials, the chemical group includes the use of meliorants, mineral fertilizers, phytohormones. And the integrated plant protection system, in turn, is a combination of technologies from the agrotechnical, biological and chemical groups of methods in different proportions, which will have minimal harmful effects and, at the same time, will effectively prevent the spread of pests and diseases of crops. The methods considered were tested on the experimental fields of Russian agricultural organizations. The integrated method demonstrated the highest efficiency, providing an optimal balance between the profitability of enterprises, the yield of cultivated crops and the preservation of productive properties of soils. As a result of the study, conclusions were formulated on the feasibility of using cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies for growing crops. The authors justify the importance of using an integrated approach in the choice of technological methods for regulating rational land use on especially valuable agricultural land in order to increase their efficiency.