Online sources of health-related traditional knowledge: content for a traditional medicine library

Objective: To map digital resources on traditional, complementary and integrative medicine, including databases, repositories, libraries and web portals providing access to traditional knowledge, research or policy information. Methods: We undertook a rapid review of publications related to digital resources on traditional medicine. We also surveyed specialists in traditional medicine for referrals to digital resources. We searched PubMed®, Embase, the Virtual Health Library of the Pan American Health Organization and Google. Eligible resources were digital platforms indexing traditional medicine knowledge, research or policy. From the publications identified, we retrieved relevant digital resources and extracted data on their scope, content and geographic distribution. Findings: From 102 studies, we identified 358 potentially relevant digital resources on traditional medicine across all regions of the World Health Organization (WHO). We included 125 of these resources in our inventory of traditional medicine digital resources. The Western Pacific Region accounted for 36% (45/125) of the resources, led by China with 34 resources, and the Americas accounted for 24% (30/125) of the resources, with 24 resources from the United States of America. Most digital resources focused on pharmacological or clinical applications; only five addressed Indigenous medicine. Conclusion: Digital resources on traditional, complementary and integrative medicine are diverse but fragmented. Codified systems are predominant while Indigenous traditions are marginalized. WHO's Traditional Medicine Global Library offers an opportunity to correct these imbalances by creating an inclusive, ethically governed platform that safeguards knowledge systems and supports their equitable integration into global health.