FROM MELANIN TO MEDICINE: MODERN INSIGHTS INTO VITILIGO

Vitiligo is a common skin condition that affects about 0.5% to 2% of people worldwide. In this condition, the pigment-producing cells of the skin, called melanocytes, are gradually lost. As a result, smooth, chalky-white patches appear on the skin. These pale or colorless areas, known as achromic macules and patches, occur because of loss of normal skin pigmentation.[2] The most common treatments for vitiligo include phototherapy (both systemic and topical) and medications that help regulate the immune system, such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and vitamin D analogues. Many people also use cosmetic products to cover the affected areas and boost their confidence. Although vitiligo is often seen as a cosmetic condition, it can have a significant impact on both the physical and emotional well-being of those who live with it.[3]