BOWEL NO 3 - FUNCTIONAL GASTRO-INTESTINAL DISORDERS V DYSFUNCTIONAL HUMAN BEINGS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS – LIBERANDI CAUSA – LIBERATING CAUSE

Humans are suffering from some Nonorganic Functional Gastro-Intestinal Disorders (FGIDs). Gastro-Esophageal Reflux (GER) is normal function with some beneficial physiological effects but when it becomes annoying is called “disorder or disease (D), ie, GERD”. The anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, neurohormonal, prophylactic as well as offensive factors affecting LES/GER has been analysed. Phenotypes of hiatus hernia and GERD, dyspepsia versus functional dyspepsia alongwith mechanism of LES relaxation in GER and deglutition are described. Lastly heterogeneous nature of FGIDs has been pointed out. Besides, quality, size and nature of FGIDs is attempted to define, though there is no universally agreed definition.