ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH UROLITHIASIS IN TIKRIT CITY, IRAQ

Background: The emergence of antibiotic resistance in the management of UTI’s is a serious public health issue, particularly in the developing world. Studies aimed at gaining knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTI’s and their susceptibility patterns may help the clinicians to choose the right empirical treatment. Methodology: A total of 135 patients with urolithiasis were studied including 91 males and 44 females. Patients aged between 15 to 70 years. and submitted for chemical analysis. Species were identified by the conventional methods which emphasized colony morphology, Gram stain biochemical tests and API 20 E identification system. All isolates were subjected to antibiotic disc diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration tests. Results: The most common organism isolated was E.coli which was detected in 19 patients (35.8%) which followed by Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter faecalis, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens and the percentages of isolation were 15.1, 13.2, 13.2, 7.5, 7.5, 3.8, 1.8 and 1.8% respectively. It was found that the highest sensitivity of organisms was toward amikacin (100%). A moderate-to-strong correlation (R˃ 0) indicated non-random structure in MIC distribution among bacterial isolates studied. Conclusions: The present study showed that urine culture was done for all patients and 50 of them were positive. The most common organism isolated was E.coli which was detected in 19 patients (35.8%). The regression demonstrates a negative association between standard error and antibiotic sensitivity. Linear Regression Analysis showed a positive slope i.e increasing MIC across observations and this a systematic increase in resistance across certain bacteria–antibiotic combinations.