Research on Marking Methods for Opening and Closing Information of Building Doors, Windows, and Curtain Walls

The opening and closing of openable leaves constitute a key performance characteristic of door, window and curtain wall products, and the accurate extraction of opening and closing parameters is crucial for characterizing their operational capabilities. This study treats the opening and closing of openable leaves as spatial displacements of an object. Based on the theory of geometric transformations in computer graphics, it establishes a displacement transformation matrix for characteristic points representing maximum opening capacity, thereby extracting opening and closing information for different opening and closing modes. Analysis of existing opening and closing information for openable leaves in doors, windows and curtain walls demonstrates that this method can uniquely determine the displacement parameters characterizing the leaf’s opening capacity. It also helps to reduce the number of opening and closing information types and avoids the need to describe the leaf’s own deformation and displacement trajectory. A complete description of the leaf’s opening capacity can be achieved using just the following three parameters: displacement type, direction and magnitude.

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Publication Details

Journal
Buildings
Published
2026-04-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16091714
Primary Topic
3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Research on Marking Methods for Opening and Closing Information of Building Doors, Windows, and Curtain Walls

Bo Liu, Dayu Zhang, Chunqing Li, Jia Liang et al.
Buildings
3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
article

Research on Marking Methods for Opening and Closing Information of Building Doors, Windows, and Curtain Walls

Bo Liu, Dayu Zhang, Chunqing Li, Jia Liang, zilong Feng, Hong Dong, Yihan Wang, Yue Zou
article en

Abstract

The opening and closing of openable leaves constitute a key performance characteristic of door, window and curtain wall products, and the accurate extraction of opening and closing parameters is crucial for characterizing their operational capabilities. This study treats the opening and closing of openable leaves as spatial displacements of an object. Based on the theory of geometric transformations in computer graphics, it establishes a displacement transformation matrix for characteristic points representing maximum opening capacity, thereby extracting opening and closing information for different opening and closing modes. Analysis of existing opening and closing information for openable leaves in doors, windows and curtain walls demonstrates that this method can uniquely determine the displacement parameters characterizing the leaf’s opening capacity. It also helps to reduce the number of opening and closing information types and avoids the need to describe the leaf’s own deformation and displacement trajectory. A complete description of the leaf’s opening capacity can be achieved using just the following three parameters: displacement type, direction and magnitude.

BuildingsVol. 16(9)
Energy Foundation (CN), Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Sustainable cities and communities
Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
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