Sense and Admissibility: Cross-Border EPPO Investigations and Evidence

Abstract Focusing on two themes—the consistency of cross-border EPPO investigations and the legitimacy of the resulting evidence—this article re-evaluates concepts set out in key documents on the EPPO’s establishment; critically analyses the implications of G. K. and Others and Gavanozov for evidence-gathering under Union law; and sets out two courses of action to address key issues. The first provides ideas for a more precise definition of EPPO investigative powers. In the absence of the necessary political will, the second sets out theoretical and practical arguments for the use of EIOs and JITs within the current legal framework.