Shaping Efficiency: Parametric Design for Schwedler Domes

Lightweight structures such as Schwedler domes offer high strength-to-weight ratios for large-span applications; however, their design typically involves time-consuming iterative processes. This study proposes an integrated parametric workflow combining geometry generation, structural analysis, and automated load application to improve both design efficiency and structural performance. The methodology is based on Python scripting within Grasshopper, enabling parametric control of dome geometry and direct interoperability with Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional. Three open-apex Schwedler dome configurations were analyzed as a focused demonstration of the workflow, differing in cross-sectional typology and structural layout. The results show that the use of closed sections reduces structural mass by up to 31%, while hybrid configurations achieve significantly improved member utilization, reaching 0.87 for ribs and 0.63 for rings. Importantly, the parametric workflow enabled the rapid generation and evaluation of multiple design variants, significantly reducing modeling time and eliminating inconsistencies between geometric and analytical models. The study demonstrates that parametric modeling provides an effective framework for designing efficient dome structures, enabling both material optimization and accelerated design processes. The same parametric source is also suitable for extension into BIM and fabrication environments, as well as into life-cycle assessment, which are identified as planned continuations of this research.